Whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt in a large bowl.
Whisk buttermilk, eggs, and melted butter in a separate bowl, then pour into the dry ingredients and stir just until combined with a few lumps remaining.
Let the batter rest for 10 minutes at room temperature without stirring.
Heat a griddle or large skillet over medium heat to 350°F / 175°C, brush with vegetable oil, and pour 1/4 cup batter per pancake.
Cook for 2 to 3 minutes until bubbles form on the surface and edges look set, then flip and cook for 1 to 2 minutes until golden brown.
Serve immediately with butter and maple syrup.